台灣外科手術病人服用中草藥對外科麻醉相關藥物交互作用之調查與臨床實證醫學探討2-2
何善台
三軍總醫院附設民眾診療服務處
國人經常服用中草藥以調理體質達到養身的效果或治療特定的疾病,這不但是傳統療法的一種,也是中國人數千年智慧的結果。中草藥的藥理作用或許對西藥的影響已有許多研究,但針對接受外科手術的病患,其所服用中草藥對於麻醉手術中及手術後相關藥物影響的研究,在國外雖有少數的研究,但目前為止並沒有相關研究結果提供中草藥對外科病患影響的明確數據2。除此之外,國人和美國人常服用的中草藥品項不相同,其研究結果也不能符合國人所需求。因此本計畫全程總目標是研究外科手術病患所服用之中草藥對外科麻醉術中、術後相關臨床資料的交互影響,將彙整最後研究成果以提供衛生署中醫藥委員會參考,以期進一步成為未來國家衛生政策參考依據。
此二年計畫,二年時間將分別完成二年流行病學調查(子計畫一)與二年臨床研究(子計畫二)。
98年已完成第一年流行病學的初步調查(子計畫一),透過資料的蒐集與分析完成了『外科手術麻醉病人服用中草藥之調查問卷』及專家效度、再測信度的測試。在一家醫學中心(三軍總醫院)進行病人手術麻醉問卷訪視與資料的收集,研究期間發放1020份問卷,其中完成了資料的登錄與分析550份,(有效問卷72.7%),也已完成資料初步的結果分析。
99年將持續第二年藉著問卷的資料收集、分析,找出病人最常服用中草藥前15名,以病人基本資料和病人服用中草藥有無人口學相關傾向特性,病人服用中草藥和病人現有疾病有無相關性,病人服用中草藥和術中出血量有無關係、合併症、手術後7天的死亡率有無相關;利用統計中的描述性、推論性(卡方檢定、t-test、regression analysis)將判定自變項與依變項及各應變數間之統計意義。同時我們也進行文獻查詢,找出前15名中草藥與免疫、凝血的相關性,以及手術麻醉病人服用中草藥對手術期間出血、死亡率的影響。
另子計畫二於第二年將繼續執行第一年未完之龍膽瀉肝湯與nalbuphine中西藥交互作用之臨床試驗,以確認並提供中西藥交互作用之實例,做為流行病學調查外的實証醫學証據。
關鍵字:中草藥醫學、輔助及替代醫學、外科併發症,凝血),免疫,藥理交互作用
Survey and Study on Drug Interactions between Chinese-Herb Medicines and Surgery-Anesthesia Related Drugs in Taiwan Surgical Patients(2-2)
Use of herbs and Chinese medicines is very common among Taiwanese. The effects of these drugs on the outcome of surgical patients have not been studies before. The American Society of Anesthesiologists recommends that all surgical patients stop taking herb medications two weeks before anesthesia. This suggestion, however, does not fit the real situation in Taiwan where most people take herbs/Chinese medicines which are different from those used in USA. Therefore, such recommendation is not helpful in Taiwan.
Our study is an original and indigenous project. It explores the interaction between the Herbs/Chinese medicines and the surgical outcomes in patients taking herbs/Chinese medicines.
During the first year, the questionnaire was developed and its reliability and validity were comfirmed by test-retest method and experts’ decisions, respectively. 1020 surgical patients were contacted and 550 completed questionnaires analyzed. Moreover, there were the 10 most common herbs/Chinese medicines administered in the Taiwan surgical patients during the first year. We will then analyze which of these herbs/Chinese medicines have positive effects on the surgical outcome during the second year.
關鍵字:Chinese Herbal Medicine、Complimentary and Alternative Medicine;CAM)、Surgical complications、Coagulation、Immunity、Drug interaction。