中草藥作為雞隻飼料添加劑之可行性研究

吳兩新
國立台灣大學
本研究之目的以具增強免疫功能及細菌性腸炎有防治功效之中草藥加入飼料中餵飼雞隻，篩選出對雞隻生長、產蛋、免疫功能及細菌性腸炎具有功效之中草藥。試驗一選取適合中草藥，分別以不同劑量做最低有效添加量試驗，找出最低有效添加量。繼之比較各單味中藥材之最低有效添加量與空白對照組、添加抗生素組，對肉雞生長表現及免疫能力之影響。而蛋雞自產蛋期開始進行試驗，選用與生殖有關之中草藥三種，以不同劑量加上對照組進行試驗。比較不同組蛋雞生產效能、血液生化值與免疫能力之差異。試驗二選取台灣常用之治療腸炎之中草藥，經水或甲醇萃取其成分，經冷凍乾燥製成粉末，以Disk diffusion method對常見致腸炎細菌進行抗菌性敏感試驗。根據敏感性試驗之結果，選取最敏感者，進行雞隻活體試驗，經口服的方式，投與已接種致病細菌之SPF雞隻，然後於不同時間，犧牲動物，自其心、肝、脾、肺、腎、小腸、盲腸、大腸及膽囊分離細菌，以證明敏感性中草藥具有預防或治療細菌性感染之效果。此外，更以組織病理學及血液學檢查之方法觀察所篩選出之中草藥對雞隻之毒性。
關鍵字：中草藥；雞；生產性能；腸炎

Feasibility of Chinese herbs medicine as feed additives for chicken

Wu, Leang-Shin
National Taiwan University
The purpose of this study is to screen different Chinese herbs used as feed additives have improving production performance, immunity enhancing effects or preventing bacterial enteritis in chickens. In experiment 1, using different Chinese herbs with different concentrations in feed additives to identify Minimum Effective Concentration for each herb. With Minimum Effective Concentration of each herb as groups and control group, antibiotic added group to conduct comparison experiments for production performance and immunity effects. Experiments of hens are conducted after 18 weeks of age. Three Chinese herbs which correlated with reproduction are selected plus control group to feed hens. Compare the egg production performance, blood chemistry, and immunity effects in different groups. In experiment 2, different Chinese herbs, which are popular used to cure enteritis, are water or methanol extracted and freezing-dried to powder form. With different pathogenic bacteria using Disk Diffusion method to conduct anti-bacteria sensitivity tests and identifies the most effective ones. The most effective Chinese herbs are used to conduct in vivo experiments. Bacteria infected SPF chickens are oral fed Chinese herb extract, then sacrificed after various time.
關鍵字：Chinese herbal medicine；Chicken；Reproduction performance；Enteritis