樟芝栽培與其抗癌活性之研究

張懿欣
中山醫學大學
牛樟菇(Antrodia cinnamomea)是台灣特有褐腐菌，只能生長在台灣常綠闊葉樹－牛樟(Cinnamomum kanehirae)的內壁。牛樟菇氣味芳香，味辛苦，子實體富含多醣體與三萜類等成分，有抗B型肝炎與防癌等功效。基於其功效以及野生牛樟菇子實體數量極少，加上人工栽培不易等因素，所以價格昂貴；業者往往為了採取野生牛樟菇而大肆盜伐牛樟樹，使臺灣特有珍貴樹種瀕臨滅絕，破壞森林多樣性與生態平衡。本研究計畫分兩階段進行，以建立藥用牛樟菇人工培養技術及篩選並應用研發藥用牛樟菇之蛋白質成分抗癌活性相關產品。第一階段以嘉義大學林產科學系與森林暨自然資源學系為主，研發並建立最佳之牛樟菇人工培養條件與技術。第二年則由中山醫學大學和弘光科技大學負責，以醫學生物角度出發，分析鑑定第一階段實驗室之人工栽培牛樟菇抗癌活性功效的蛋白質成分。本計畫之執行結合跨校之林業與醫學生物技術相關專業研究學者的專長，研究成果不但可建立牛樟菇的最佳人工栽培條件與技術，更可了解牛樟菇蛋白質成分之抗腫瘤活性的作用機制，研發相關之抗癌產品。此外，本研究也計劃探討靈芝與與黑木耳蛋白質萃取液之抗癌活性，並比較此兩種菇類與牛樟菇之抗癌活性。本研究計畫目標符合藥用植物資源開發研究類之研究重點項目1：藥用菇菌微藻之研究與開發的研究目的，研究成果可提供台灣本土特有藥用菇菌之文獻資料相關資訊、建立藥用菇菌之最佳人工栽培條件與技術，並根據抗癌活性之蛋白質成分分析，進行人工培養及篩檢研發符合市場需求的牛樟菇保健產品，符合社會大眾與市場需求以及推動推廣中草藥產業之目標。更可有效遏止盜伐，挽救臺灣特有珍貴樹種牛樟樹避免瀕臨滅絕。
關鍵字：牛樟芝；抗癌活性研究

Study on the culture techniques and anti-tumor activities of Antrodia cinnamomea

Chang, Yih-hsin
Chung Shan Medical University
Antrodia cinnamomea is a unique brown-rot fungus species which only parasitizes in the decayed heart wood of stout camphor (Cinnamomum kanehirae) in Taiwan. The fruiting body of A. cinnamomea contains abundant polysaccharrides and terpenes that are proved to have effective anti-viral function and anti-tumor activity. The price of A. cinnamomea therefore rocketed in the market and it has become the target of illegal harvesting. Consequently, C. kanehirae has become an endangered species in Taiwan due to the illegal felling. The present proposal is divided into 2 stages: the first stage is aimed to develop optimal culture conditions and techniques for cultivating A. cinnamomea. The second stage is to identify and compare the effective and active anti-tumor protein component(s) of cultured A. cinnamomea, and commercial available Ganoderma and Auricularia. by the first stage. The active components and the ratio of active metabolites of A. cinnamomea derived from Lab. culture will be further analyzed. The implementation of this project can not only uncover the mechanisms of anti-tumor components from A. cinnamomea, but also establish effective and optimal culture conditions and techniques that can culture A. cinnamomea with high content of active components in large scale.
關鍵字：Antrodia cinnamomea；anti-tumor activities