中藥材參考規格制定之研究

吳午龍 
國防醫學院
傳統中藥材歷史悠久，種類繁多，除礦物藥外均取自生物界，故藥材之多來源現象普遍在在；直至現在多欠缺法定規格，以致某些中藥雖按中醫藥理論使用結果，無法達成預期之療效。這些傳統中醫藥的成效，就常被攻擊為缺乏科學依據。為使中醫藥與現代西方醫藥能相輔相成，首先應把最基本的單味中藥材升格為法定藥，加強注重其現代科學方面之研究成果，使確含現代藥材之基本內容，按中醫理論使用後可發揮確效，長期使用又可獲得安全性的藥材。

凡是法定中藥，一定要經過嚴格的品質與含量管制的檢驗及保證，始可達成，其中最重要且最易於執行的方法是化學方法，只要確實保證藥材中之療效成分含量，即可發揮藥材本身的藥理特性。惟許多中藥材的化學成分尚不十分清楚，在這種情況下，只有靠藥理方法之驗證，才能突顯其特有的藥性效價。

法定規格乃規範中藥來源和用部以及它應有的力價、品質及純度的標準；即規定中藥有效成分之含量或其效價、夾雜物、灰分、水分及抽提物之含量。本研究擬選擇二十種常用中藥材，以現代科學知識和技術進行研究並規範其規格，再經產、官、學界一致認可，把中藥材提高到現代科學水準的藥材。


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Tentative Establishment of Official Rubric on Chinese Crude Drugs

China has a long history in the use of traditional Chinese medicine and, thus, has accumulated vast experience which has frequently involved conspicuous and unique effects on certain diseases, as well as generally little toxicity and undesired sied-effects. Furthermore, owing to various geographical and ecological conditions, both the flora and medicinal plant resources are very abundant.

It is important to understand and evaluate the therapeutic effects of each drug by modern technology. Unfortunately, the traditional criteria of drug evaluation are still remained in relying on roganoleptic examinations, such as shape, color, odor and taste which can easily give inaccurate informations. In order to meet the current necessity, research and development of Chinese crude drugs must be emphasized and upgraded.

The objective of this project is to establish the tentative official rubrics for assuring quality of the twenty selected crude drugs. The investigation of the quality o
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