藥用植物資源之開發與利用

劉新裕 
農業試驗所
為配合行政院衛生署發展藥用與保健植物之政策，本計畫之執行摘要如下：


1.藥用與保健植物資源之開發：以傳統醫藥典籍常用藥用與保健植物為主，利用各種公、私管道，積極引進國內外藥用與保健植物之種原，進行繁殖與觀察，同時建立植株形態、有效成份、醫藥利用、生長習性、栽培條件、田間性狀與初步產量等資料，供為進一步開發與利用藥用與保健植物資源之參考。 
2.以本草典籍常用藥用與保健植物為主，建立藥用與保健植物種原庫一處，種子及無性繁殖苗將進行長期保存。種原庫內分成長期庫、中期庫及短期庫三區，個別之保存條件為長期庫-12±2℃及30±3%RH，中期庫-2±2℃及40±3%RH，短期庫10±2℃及40±3%RH。於長期庫中種子之貯藏壽命可達30至50年，如此將能妥善地保存藥用植物之種原，及規劃適時適當的利用計畫。 
3.利用有性繁殖如種子播種或無性繁殖如扦插、壓條、嫁接與組織培養等技術進行大量繁殖。繁殖之種苗將試種於本所溫室、農田或藥園中，進行初步觀察及評估，以為生產質量俱優藥材木根據，期早日達到省產藥材自給自足之目標。 
4.利用各種形態與生化特徵等鑑定基原，並拍攝相關藥用植物之照片，以供參考。
關鍵字：藥用植物、種原收集、繁殖

Development and Utilization of Medicinal Plant Resources

For the sake of suiting the policy of the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Republic of China, to develop and utilize medicinal plant resources in Taiwan, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) has strengthened on the collection and preservation of medicinal plant germplasms. Propagation and investigation of characteristics, yield and utilization potentiality of these materials are continuously in progress.

After cultivation of collected medicinal plants on field nursery at TARI, processed seeds are sent to the storage area, including the short-term room, medium-term room, and long-term room, with storage conditions of 10±2℃ and 40±3%RH, 1±2℃ and 40±3%RH, and -12±2℃ and 30±3%RH, respectively. The clonal germplasms will be stored on field nursery.

Morphological and genetic studies of the important materials are parts of this study.


關鍵字：Medicinal plants, Germplasm preservation, Propugation