真空乾燥包裝增強中藥材輻射滅菌安全性的研究與評估
黃瓊華
中臺科技大學
最近研究發現加馬射線照射處理除了能達到滅菌的效果，更能減少中藥材有機氯農藥的殘留。本研究計畫主要是評估中藥材輻射滅菌前的最適合的乾燥處理方式，藉以降低以鈷六十加馬射線對中藥材進行照射過程中所產生輻射裂解的現象，避免影響中藥材化學成分。除了能提供國內外中醫藥業一種簡單實惠的滅菌及包裝貯存方式，更能對中藥材達到控管品質的要求。中藥材在輻射滅菌前若經乾燥處理，不僅可減少微生物的汙染，亦可降低中藥材產生輻射裂解。在先前的研究過程中發現中藥材若先經過50 ℃連續48小時的乾燥處理，可以降低中藥材達到滅菌所需得輻射劑量。我們將以不適合室溫貯存的二十種中藥材為研究對象，中藥材先經45~60℃等不同溫度乾燥處理後，再以3、6、9 kGy三種不同劑量的加馬射線照射後，經萃取後以HPLC進行化學成分分析，以GC/MS進行有機氯農藥檢測，以及利用平板檢測法進行菌量檢測。篩選出對此二十二種中藥材最適合的乾燥處理方式，最適合的加馬射線輻射滅菌劑量，再整合先前的研究成果，期能建立不同中藥材輻射滅菌最佳參數的資料庫，有利於強化中藥用藥安全。
關鍵字：加馬射線、輻射滅菌、 輻射裂解、有機氯農藥
Evaluation of drying process on radiosterization safety of Chinese medicines
Chiung-Hua Huang
Recent research showed that 60Co gamma not only could decontaminate Chinese medicines, it also could degrade organochlorine pesticides remained in the Chinese medicines. The aim of this study is to reduce the radiolysis effect by utilizing drying process before 60Co gamma radiosterilization, and evaluate the appropriate process for the drying treatment. The application of 60Co gamma rays to decontaminate Chinese medicines could associate with certain problems. Radiolysis or free radical production induced by irradiation might influence the chemical and physical properties of the medicines. In the previous study showed that the drying process at 50℃for 48 hours before irradiation not only could inhibit the bacterial growth, it also could decrease the radiolytic effect. Therefore, the drying process can decrease the irradiation dose for Chinese medicines radiosterlization. Twenty Chinese medicines, which cannot be stored at room temperature, are dried at 45 ~ 60℃ for 48 hours before irradiation. Samples are treated using irradiation at doses of 3, 6 and 9 kGy, respectively. Characterizations of chemical compounds are performed by HPLC. The efficiency of radiosterization is determined by the growth of bacterial colonies from an LB mixture of each herbal medicine. Organochlorine pesticides are analyzed by GC/MS. The data of optimal drying temperature and irradiation dose for various Chinese medicines can improve the economic value and safety of Chinese medicines.
關鍵字：60Co gamma, radiosterilization, radiolytic effect, organochlorine pesticides
