保育類藥材-熊膽替代藥品對小鼠藥理作用之研究

謝長奇
中國醫藥大學
陸棲哺乳類野生動物由於人口快速成長和土地持續開發，已使野生動物的棲息環境遭受劇烈改變，嚴重威脅牠們的生存，且大部分哺乳類因長久以來民間相信具有療補功效，其皮毛、器官及體肉都成為國人食用的對象，造成強大的獵捕壓力，使族群數量日漸減少，中醫藥界認為部分救命的藥方因此不能處方、調劑，在保護保育類野生動物的前題下，開發其他具有相同或相類似之中藥基源與臨床藥效，以創造保育與醫療雙贏的局面。熊膽調劑於臨床應用上有治療急慢性肝炎、肝腹水、肝硬化、黃疸性肝炎、脂肪肝、膽結石、心臟病、高血壓、腹痛、胃痛、下痢、病毒性咽喉炎、急性扁桃腺炎、喉炎與各種腫痛等，使用範圍廣泛，在熊膽列為保育類藥材後而影響其藥材使用後，尋找代用或部分代用之藥品對疾病患者之醫療保健是一項非常有意義的工作。由於兔膽的有效成份較接近熊膽，具有抗惊厥與抗疲勞與鎮咳的作用，對呼吸道過度反應有緩解的趨勢，本研究在探究動物類藥材的取代性研究中，動物類中藥研究學者一致認為，以畜養型動物之藥材取代性較趨近於原藥材，故本研究嘗試使用相進的樣品以作為試驗材料，針對平喘抗發炎等進行試驗。
關鍵字：保育類野生動物；熊膽；免疫調節；平喘；抗發炎

The replacement of the conservative pharmaceutical medicine- bear bile on the pharmacologic function in mice

Chang-Chi Hsieh
China Medical University
Bear is one of the conservation animals, because of the population stress and land capacity, their survival faces the great problem. Committee on Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Health want to guidance and assistance the employment to use the replacement drug in traditional medication. Bear bile can anti-inflammtion, reduce bronchial construction and immunomodulation. The bile acid purify form bear bile containing ursodeoxycholic acid, chenodexoycholic acid, deoxycholic acid and cholic acid can reduce gallstone, treatment of cholestatic liver diseases. They are used for two purposes. The first is to correct a deficiency in bile acids because of defective biosynthesis or intestinal conservation and thereby to restore bile acid function. This rationale may be termed replacement therapy. The second is to alter the composition of circulating bile acids and thereby to modulate cholesterol metabolism and/or decrease the cytotoxicity of the circulating bile acid pool. In this study, we want to use rabbit bile to be the replacement drug of bear bile in these effects
關鍵字：wild animal conservation；bear bile；immunomodulation；anti-inflammation；bronchial construction